By Liu Di and Fu Bingfeng

Viruses have no national boundaries, and the epidemic situation does not distinguish between races. Human beings are a community of destiny sharing weal and woe. The COVID-19 pandemic has long spread all over the world, posing a great threat to people's lives and health, and posing a great challenge to global public health. Since the outbreak of the epidemic, China has always adhered to the idea of building a Community of Shared Future for Mankind and acted with utmost responsibility for the safety and health of its own people as well as the global public health cause.

After arduous efforts, China effectively reversed the epidemic situation and safeguarded its people's lives and health. After the outbreak, the Chinese government took steps for national mobilization, joint prevention and control, openness and transparency, and launched a people's war against the epidemic. At present, the situation of epidemic prevention and control in China continues to improve, and the order of production and living is restored quickly, which not only holds the regional defense line of epidemic prevention and control for the world, but also accumulates valuable experience for global anti-epidemic.

As a responsible big country, strengthening international cooperation in epidemic prevention and control is an important manifestation of promoting the construction of Community of Shared Future for Mankind. Based on the methods of international scientific and technological cooperation, China fully considers various influencing factors of international scientific and technological cooperation in epidemic prevention and control. The following could be effective strategies for promoting international scientific and technological cooperation in epidemic prevention and control.

Firstly, to build a sense of Community of Shared Future for Mankind. In fact, people are already in a community of destiny, no matter where they live, what their beliefs are, and whether they are willing or not. To meet the common challenges, it is necessary to build global values that are unanimously recognized. Covid-19 is highly contagious, fast-spreading, extremely concealed and harmful, which poses great risks to human survival. Countries need to form a consistent goal, seek common ground while reserving differences, and jointly respond to this public health emergency crisis in an open and transparent manner.

Secondly, strengthening international organizations and international rules. International organizations and rules are the framework of international scientific and technological cooperation among countries. International organizations represented by the World Health Organization and their rules have formulated a series of systems and measures for public health emergencies and their response. The international rules clearly define the responsibilities and information disclosure obligations of members. Countries need to strictly abide by the corresponding system regulations and implement effective measures for epidemic prevention and control. International organizations promote the resolution of international scientific and technological cooperation obstacles such as patents and information asymmetry faced by epidemic prevention and control, and provide an international environment more conducive to international scientific and technological cooperation and innovation, which is conducive to sharing patents and information, and has a significant role in promoting international cooperation among scientific researchers in pharmaceutical and other industries.

Thirdly, strengthening coordination and cooperation among countries. Coordination and cooperation among countries is the foundation of international scientific and technological cooperation. The basic research and general research supported by the state provide a platform and possibility for international scientific and technological cooperation in epidemic prevention and control. The raising of research and development funds, the demonstration of funded projects and the investigation of research and development units carried out by the state can help to avoid or reduce the mistakes in international scientific and technological cooperation.

Fourthly, promoting collaborative innovation among international enterprises. Enterprises are the most dynamic subjects of scientific and technological innovation, and are also the main suppliers of epidemic prevention and control materials. Whether international organizations or national-level epidemic prevention and control targets and programs, enterprises need to participate in the final landing. Therefore, the multi-level cooperation between international organizations and enterprises from all over the world is the basis for building an international scientific and technological cooperation system.

Fifthly, supporting other types of cooperation. A single mode of cooperation may be hindered by many influencing factors, and various modes of cooperation not only increase the possibility and opportunity of cooperation, but also reduce information distortion and insufficient information transmission, so as to maximize the dissemination effect of scientific and technological achievements. Therefore, countries should adopt and support various modes of cooperation and their combinations to promote the effectiveness of international scientific and technological cooperation in epidemic prevention and control. In addition, the informal cooperation mode of individuals has the characteristics of autonomy, flexibility and public welfare, which is a useful supplement to various formal cooperation modes.

（Liu Di is a scholar at Yunnan Vocational College of Land and Resources and Fu Bingfeng is a scholar at Yunnan Academy of Social Sciences）